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A handy diagram—the Raman parameter information diagram, or “RAPID”—is proposed here, which can be used for listing spectral parameters associated with a Raman spectrum. It is demonstrated how, by drawing simple shapes such as lines and triangles, it becomes possible to easily express various findings in a Raman spectrum, for example red- (or blue-)shift, asymmetry, broadening, and antiresonance....
After a historical excursus, the basic properties of tungsten are summarized, followed by selected classes of inorganic compounds (tungsten halides and oxyhalides, tungsten oxides, Magnéli phases and tungsten bronzes, iso- and heteropolyoxotungstates). Subsequently, the specifics of non-sag tungsten wire as well as tungsten carbide and a variety of tungsten alloys, the green bullets and the suppression...
High-pressure gas chromatography is not a novel concept, but it is an intriguing one: the eco-friendly chimera seeks to combine the advantages of GC and HPLC, which has led to the development of supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). But while the chromatographic age of supercritical fluids has been advertised by proponents and manufacturers for more than 50 years, SFC has largely been deprecated...
The notion of activity is of a purely thermodynamic nature. It is intimately linked to the law of mass action and more generally to that of equilibrium constant. It was conceived and introduced in the realm of chemistry at the beginning of twentieth century by Lewis (Proc Am Acad Arts Sci 37:49‒69, 1901; Proc Am Acad Arts Sci 43:259‒293, 1907; J Am Chem Soc 30:668‒683, 1908) and Lewis and Randall...
This lecture text demonstrates how the mineral lorandite is used as a detector of solar neutrinos. Because the age of the lorandite deposit in Allchar, North Macedonia, is known, this opened the possibility to determine the solar neutrino flux over the last 4.3 million years.
This contribution gives a detailed account of the element predictions Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev made after setting up the periodic table of the elements in 1869, with a special focus on those that turned out to be unsuccessful. It is argued that most of these instances are connected to a general inability to place the rare earth metals correctly into the system. Furthermore, details of conceiving...
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